Step 1: Marinate
In a small bowl, combine softened butter with salt, pepper, fennel seed, lemon zest, and garlic.
Gently loosen the skin over the breast and rub half of the seasoned butter underneath. Rub the rest all over the outside.
Place the hen on a plate or in a shallow container. Refrigerate uncovered for at least 2 hours or up to overnight (this air-dries the skin for better crisping).
Step 2: Roast
Remove hen from fridge 30 minutes before roasting.
Preheat oven to 375°F (convection) or 400°F (conventional).
Stuff the cavity with lemon wedge, herb sprig, and garlic clove.
In a small oven-safe skillet, melt 1 tbsp ghee and sauté black cardamom pods (and shallot/juniper if using) until fragrant — about 1–2 minutes.
Place the hen in the pan, breast-side up.
Roast for 45–55 minutes, or until the thickest part of the thigh reaches 165°F and juices run clear.
Let rest 10 minutes before carving.
Optional Pan Sauce
After removing the hen, place the skillet with the drippings over low heat.
Add a splash of dry white wine or broth and simmer 3–5 minutes, scraping up fond.
Strain or serve rustic over the carved hen.